As of 2015, there were > 30, 000 villages (containing 68 million residents) endemic for schistosomiasis. Schistosoma japonicum is the only human blood fluke that occurs in China. Schistosomiasis is a “neglected tropical disease” that affects over 200 million people in 78 countries and is considered a chronic and poverty-promoting disease. Therefore, our results indicated that SjPCDP10 contributes to the regulation of cell apoptosis and is essential for schistosomula growth and development. Sjpcdp10-knockdown influenced the growth and development of schistosomula. Furthermore, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling results showed that the rate of apoptosis in Sjpcdp10-knockdown schistosomula was significantly higher than that in the control group.
Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the teguments of Sjpcdp10-knockdown schistosomula were incomplete, the number of layers was reduced, and the thickness decreased significantly as compared with those in the control group. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the body surfaces of schistosomula subjected to RNAi were seriously damaged, with few tegumental spines and sensory papillae. Following Sjpcdp10 knockdown by RNAi, the lengths, widths, areas, and volumes of schistosomula were significantly lower than those in the control group. Histochemical localization showed that SjPCDP10 was mainly distributed in the teguments of schistosomula in all investigated stages and part of the parenchymal area of 14-, 18-, and 21-day-old schistosomula. Real-time qPCR revealed that Sjpcdp10 was expressed during all investigated developmental stages and upregulated during schistosomula growth and development. RNA interference (RNAi) experiments were used to assess gene functions associated with SjPCDP10 in schistosomula growth and development. Immunolocalization was performed to determine SjPCDP10 expression in the parasite.
Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot were used to detect Sjpcdp10 mRNA and protein levels, respectively, at different developmental stages. japonicum PCDP10 ( SjPCDP10) and evaluated its functions in schistosomula. This study described the molecular characterization of S. Programmed cell death protein 10 ( pcdp10) is an important apoptosis-related gene with various biological functions. To study interactions between schistosomula, the pre-adult juvenile stage, and hosts, it is important to study the functions of key genes involved in schistosomula growth and development.
Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum is among the most serious endemic zoonoses in China.
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